Saturday, 6 October 2012


Friday, 7 September 2012

List of Presidents of India Since 1950 Till Date Read


Rajendra Prasad
Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the first President of Independent India. As the first President, he was independent and unwilling to allow the Prime Minister or the party to seize his constitutional rights. However, following the conflict over the passing of the Hindu Code Bill, he restrained his stand. Prasad set several important rules for later Presidents to follow. He had also served as President of the Constituent Assembly that drafted the constitution of the Republic from 1948 to 1950.

Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan was born on September 5th, 1888. He was a philosopher and statesman. He became Vice President of India in 1952 and was elected President in 1962, he held office until 1967. In India, his birthday is celebrated as Teacher`s Day in his honour. Radhakrishnan was one of the first scholars of comparative religion and philosophy in his time; he built a bridge between Eastern and Western thought showing each to be understandable within the terms of the other. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan introduced Western ideas into Indian philosophy and was the first scholar of importance to provide a comprehensive exegesis of India`s religious and philosophical literature to English speaking peoples. Radhakrishnan died on April 17, 1975.

Zakir Hussain
Zakir Hussain was born on February 8, 1897 and died on May 3, 1969. He was the third President of India from May 13, 1967 until his death. Hussain was born in Hyderabad. After serving as the Governor of Bihar from 1957 to 1962, Zakir Hussain became the Vice President of India from 1962 to 196. In his inaugural speech, he said that the whole of India was his home and its entire people were his family.

Varahagiri Venkata Giri
Varahagiri Venkata Giri was born on August 10, 1894 and died on June 23, 1980. He was the fourth president of the Republic of India. Giri received India`s highest Civilian Award, the Bharat Ratna, in 1975. He was a prolific writer and a good orator. He was elected as Vice-president of India in 1967. Giri became acting president of India in 1969 upon the death in office of Zakir Hussain and decided to run for that position in the election. The Congress Party led by Indira Gandhi chose to support Neelam Sanjiva Reddy for the position, but he was able to prevail anyway due to a last-minute change in the decision by Indira Gandhi, he served until 1974. He has served the office Twice as President.

Muhammad Hidayat Ullah
Muhammad Hidayatullah was born on 1905 and died on 1992. He was the acting President of India in 1969 and the second Muslim to hold the post. Hidayatullah was succeeded by the previous President, Varahagiri Venkata Giri. He was the first Muslim Chief Justice of India from January 1968 to February 1970. He was also Vice-President of India from August 1979 to August 1984. A National Law University has been established in Hidayatullah`s name at Jodhpur.

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed was born on May 13 1905 and died on February 11, 1977. He was President of India from 1974 to 1977. He was educated at St. Stephen`s College and St Catharine`s College, Cambridge, and subsequently became an active member of the Congress Party. Ahmed was chosen for the presidency by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1974, becoming the third Muslim President in Delhi. He would later use his constitutional authority as head of state to allow her to rule by decree once emergency rule was proclaimed in 1975. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed died in office

Basappa Danappa Jatti
Basappa Danappa Jatti was born on September 10, 1912 and died on June 7, 2002. Jatti graduated as a lawyer from Sykes Law College, Kolhapur and became a leader in Jamakhandi. After the 1952 general elections, he was appointed Minister of Health and Labour of the then Bombay (now Mumbai) Government. Re-elected from Jamkhandi constituency in the third general elections, Jatti was appointed Finance Minister on July 2, 1962 in the Nijalingappa Ministry. He became acting President for a brief period after the death of Fakruddin Ali Ahmed.

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was born on May 18, 1913 and died on June 1, 1996. He was the sixth President of the republic of India, serving from 1977 to 1982. He was also Union Minister of Transport, Civil Aviation, Shipping and Tourism from January 1966 to March 1967 in the Cabinet. Reddy was elected to the Lok Sabha from Hindupur constituency in Andhra Pradesh. He was elected Speaker of Lok Sabha on March 17, 1967, where he won unprecedented acclaim and appreciation. Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was elected President by the Electoral College in July 1977, and was the only person to be elected President of India unopposed.

Zail Singh
Giani Zail Singh was born in Punjab on May 5, 1916 and died on December 25, 1994. He was the President of India from 1982-1987, and the first Sikh to hold India`s highest public office and honour. Giani Zail Singh Ramgarhia was elected to the highest office of the President of India on July 15, 1982. He was criticized for his dominating attitude towards the Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi. His relation with Rajiv Gandhi, the next Prime Minister, was rocky at best.

R. Venkataraman
Ramaswamy Venkataraman was born on December 4, 1910 was the 8th President of the Republic of India, serving from 1987 to 1992. Before his election as President, Venkataraman served nearly 4 years as the 7th Vice-President. Venkataraman is the only living former President of India. Although re-elected to Parliament in 1957, Venkataraman resigned his seat in the Lok Sabha to join the State Government of Madras (now Chennai) as a Minister. There Venkataraman held the portfolios of Industries, Labour, Cooperation, Power, Transport and Commercial Taxes from 1957 to 1967. During this time, he was also Leader of the Upper House, namely, the Madras Legislative Council.

Shankar Dayal Sharma
Shankar Dayal Sharma was born on August 19, 1918 and died on December 26, 1999. He was the 9th President of republic of India serving from 1992 to 1997. Sharma served as Vice-President until 1992, when he was elected President. During his 5-year term, he was active in ceremonial matters and was in charge of dismissing and appointing governors. During his last year as President, it was his responsibility to swear in 3 prime ministers.

K. R. Narayanan
Kocheril Raman Narayanan was born on 4 February 1921 and died on 9 November 2005. He was also known as K. R. Narayanan, was the tenth President of the Republic of India. He is the only Dalit and the only Malayali to have held the Presidency. K. R. Narayanan was elected as the Presidency of India 17 July 1997 with 95% of the votes in the Electoral College, from the Presidential poll 14 July. This is the only Presidential election to have been held with a minority government holding power at the centre.

Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam Maraikkayar was born October 15, 1931, Tamil Nadu, India, usually referred to as Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was the President of India from 26th July,2002 to 25th July 2007. A notable scientist and engineer, he is often referred to as the Missile Man of India for his work and is considered a leading progressive, mentor, innovator and visionary in India.

Pratibha Patil
Pratibha Devisingh Patil is the 13th and current President of India. She is the first woman and first Maharashtrian to hold this post. The Chief Justice of India K. G. Balakrishnan had sworn her as President of India on July 25, 2007. Pratibha Patil completed obtained Master`s degree in Political Science and Economics from Mooljee Jetha College, in Jalgaon. Later she completed her Bachelor`s degree in Law Government Law College, Mumbai. Patil was an elected Member of Parliament in the tenth Lok Sabha and represented the Amravati constituency. Pratibha Patil is a member of Indian National Congress and the first female Governor of Rajasthan.
he Present& The 14th President of India ( The 13th Person) from 25th July 2012- Mr.Pranab Mukherjee


Mr.Pranab Mukherjee has taken charge as the Fourteenth President of India (The Thirteenth Person) on 25th July 2012, after winning the 14th Presidential election as the official nominee of the ruling UPA Government, defeating the opposition candidate, the ex- speaker of the Lokh Sabha, Mr.P.A.Sangma.

Thursday, 1 December 2011

INDEPENDENCE YEARS


                                                                 INDEPENDENCE YEARS
660 BCE -  Japan
221 BCE -  China
301 CE -    San Marino
843 CE -    France
976 CE -    Austria
10thCentury CE - Denmark
1001 -      Hungary
1143 -      Portugal
1206 -      Mongolia
1238 -      Thailand
1278 -      Andorra
August 1, 1291 - Switzerland
1419 -     Monaco
15th Century - Spain
1502 -      Iran
June 6, 1523 - Sweden
January 23, 1579 - Netherlands
1650 - Oman
May 1, 1707 - United Kingdom
January 23, 1719 - Liechtenstein
1768 - Nepal
July 4, 1776 - United States of America
January 1, 1804 - Haiti
July 20, 1810 - Colombia
Sept. 16, 1810 - Mexico
Sept. 18, 1810 - Chile
May 14, 1811 - Paraguay
July 5, 1811 - Venezuela
July 9, 1816 - Argentina
July 28, 1821 - Peru
Sept. 15, 1821 - Costa Rica
Sept. 15, 1821 - El Salvador
Sept. 15, 1821 - Guatemala
Sept. 15, 1821 - Honduras
Sept. 15, 1821 - Nicaragua
May 24, 1822 - Ecuador
Sept. 7, 1822 - Brazil
August 6, 1825 - Bolivia
August 25, 1825 - Uruguay
1829 - Greece
October 4, 1830 - Belgium
1839 - Luxembourg
February 27, 1844 - Dominican Republic
July 26, 1847 - Liberia
March 17, 1861 - Italy
July 1, 1867 - Canada
January 18, 1871 - Germany
May 9, 1877 - Romania
March 3, 1878 - Bulgaria
1896 - Ethiopia
June 12, 1898 - Philippines
January 1, 1901 - Australia
May 20, 1902 - Cuba
November 3, 1903 - Panama
June 7, 1905 - Norway
Sept. 26, 1907 - New Zealand
May 31, 1910 - South Africa
November 28, 1912 - Albania
December 6, 1917 - Finland
November 11, 1918 - Poland
December 1, 1918 - Iceland
August 19, 1919 - Afghanistan
December 6, 1921 - Ireland
February 28, 1922 - Egypt
October 29, 1923 - Turkey
February 11, 1929 - Vatican City
Sept. 23, 1932 - Saudi Arabia
October 3, 1932 - Iraq
November 22, 1943 - Lebanon
August 15, 1945 - Korea, North
August 15, 1945 - Korea, South
August 17, 1945 - Indonesia
Sept. 2, 1945 - Vietnam
April 17, 1946 - Syria
May 25, 1946 - Jordan
August 14, 1947 - Pakistan
August 15, 1947 - India
January 4, 1948 - Burma
February 4, 1948 - Sri Lanka
May 14, 1948 - Israel
July 19, 1949 - Laos
August 8, 1949 - Bhutan
December 24, 1951 - Libya
November 9, 1953 - Cambodia
January 1, 1956 - Sudan
March 2, 1956 - Morocco
March 20, 1956 - Tunisia
March 6, 1957 - Ghana
August 31, 1957 - Malaysia
October 2, 1958 - Guinea
January 1, 1960 - Cameroon
April 4, 1960 - Senegal
May 27, 1960 - Togo
June 30, 1960 - Congo, Republic of the
July 1, 1960 - Somalia
July 26, 1960 - Madagascar
August 1, 1960 - Benin
August 3, 1960 - Niger
August 5, 1960 - Burkina Faso
August 7, 1960 - Cote d'Ivorie
August 11, 1960 - Chad
August 13, 1960 - Central African Republic
August 15, 1960 - Congo, Dem. Rep. of the
August 16, 1960 - Cyprus
August 17, 1960 - Gabon
Sept. 22, 1960 - Mali
October 1, 1960 - Nigeria
November 28, 1960 - Mauritania
April 27, 1961 - Sierra Leone
June 19, 1961 - Kuwait
January 1, 1962 - Samoa
July 1, 1962 - Burundi
July 1, 1962 - Rwanda
July 5, 1962 - Algeria
August 6, 1962 - Jamaica
August 31, 1962 - Trinidad and Tobago
October 9, 1962 - Uganda
December 12, 1963 - Kenya
April 26, 1964 - Tanzania
July 6, 1964 - Malawi
Sept. 21, 1964 - Malta
October 24, 1964 - Zambia
February 18, 1965 - Gambia, The
July 26, 1965 - Maldives
August 9, 1965 - Singapore
May 26, 1966 - Guyana
September 30, 1966 - Botswana
October 4, 1966 - Lesotho
November 30, 1966 - Barbados
January 31, 1968 - Nauru
March 12, 1968 - Mauritius
Sept. 6, 1968 - Swaziland
October 12, 1968 - Equatorial
June 4, 1970 - Tonga
October 10, 1970 - Fiji
March 26, 1971 - Bangladesh
August 15, 1971 - Bahrain
Sept. 3, 1971 - Qatar
November 2, 1971 - United Arab Emirates
July 10, 1973 - Bahamas
Sept. 24, 1973 - Guinea-Bissau
February 7, 1974 - Grenada
June 25, 1975 - Mozambique
July 5, 1975 - Cape Verde
July 6, 1975 - Comoros
July 12, 1975 - Sao Tome and Principe
Sept. 16, 1975 - Papua New Guinea
November 11, 1975 - Angola
November 25, 1975 - Suriname
June 29, 1976 - Seychelles
June 27, 1977 - Djibouti
July 7, 1978 - Solomon Islands
October 1, 1978 - Tuvalu
November 3, 1978 - Dominica
February 22, 1979 - Saint Lucia
July 12, 1979 - Kiribati
October 27, 1979 - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
April 18, 1980 - Zimbabwe
July 30, 1980 - Vanuatu
January 11, 1981 - Antigua and Barbuda
Sept. 21, 1981 - Belize
Sept. 19, 1983 - Saint Kitts and Nevis
January 1, 1984 - Brunei
October 21, 1986 - Marshall Islands
November 3, 1986 - Micronesia, Federated States of
March 11, 1990 - Lithuania
March 21, 1990 - Namibia
May 22, 1990 - Yemen
April 9, 1991 - Georgia
June 25, 1991 - Croatia
June 25, 1991 - Slovenia
August 20, 1991 - Estonia
August 21, 1991 - Kyrgyzstan
August 24, 1991 - Russia
August 25, 1991 - Belarus
August 27, 1991 - Moldova
August 30, 1991 - Azerbaijan
Sept. 1, 1991 - Uzbekistan
Sept. 6, 1991 - Latvia
Sept. 8, 1991 - Macedonia
Sept. 9, 1991 - Tajikistan
Sept. 21, 1991 - Armenia
October 27, 1991 - Turkmenistan
November 24, 1991 - Ukraine
December 16, 1991 - Kazakhstan
March 3, 1992 - Bosnia and Herzegovina
January 1, 1993 - Czech Republic
January 1, 1993 - Slovakia
May 24, 1993 - Eritrea
October 1, 1994 - Palau
May 20, 2002 - East Timor
June 3, 2006 - Montenegro
June 5, 2006 - Serbia
February 17, 2008 – Kosovo

Tuesday, 29 November 2011

Prime Ministers Of India Since 1947
________________________________________




Jawaharlal Nehru
15 August 1947 - 27 May 1964





Gulzarilal Nanda
27 May 1964 - 9 June 1964
11 January 1966 - 19 February 1966




Lal Bahadur Shastri
9 June 1964 - 11 January 1966




Indira Gandhi
19 January 1966 - 24 March 1977
15 January 1980 - 31 October 1984




Morarji Desai
24 March 1977 - 28 July 1979




Choudhary Charan Singh
28 July 1979 - 15 January 1980




Rajiv Gandhi
31 October 1984 - 2 December 1989




Vishwanath Pratap Singh
2 December 1989 - 10 November 1990




Chandra Shekhar
10 November 1990 - 21 June 1991




P. V. Narasimha Rao
21 June 1991 - 16 May 1996




Atal Behari Vajpayee
16 May 1996 - 1 June 1996
19 March 1998 - 22 May 2004




H. D. Deve Gowda
1 June 1996 - 21 April 1997




Inder Kumar Gujral
21 April 1997 - 19 March 1998




Manmohan Singh
22 May 2004 - Incumbent

Wednesday, 6 April 2011

India premier League



Here is the list of players for all the 10 teams participating in 2011 Indian Premier League.

Chennai Super Kings Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

MS Dhoni (Cap), Suresh Raina, Murali Vijay, Michael Hussey, Scott Styris, Wriddhiman Saha (wk), Ravichandran Ashwin, Albie Morkel, Tim Southee, Subramaniam Badrinath, George Bailey, Doug Bollinger, Dwayne Bravo, Faf du Plessis, Ben Hilfenhaus, Shadab Jakati, Joginder Sharma, Suraj Randiv, Nuwan Kulasekara, Srikkanth Anirudha, Yo Mahesh, Sudeep Tyagi, Abhinav Mukund, Kuthethurshri Vasudevadas, Ganapathi Vignesh

Mumbai Indians Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

Sachin Tendulkar (Cap), Kieron Pollard, Andrew Symonds, Rohit Sharma, James Franklin, Harbhajan Singh, Lasith Malinga, Munaf Patel, Davy Jacobs, Clint McKay, ADilhara Fernando, mbati Rayudu, Dhawal Kulkarni, Ali Murtaza, Abu Nechim, Aiden Blizzard, Yuzvendra Chahal, Moises Henriques, Sarul Kanwar, Rajagopal Sathish, Tirumalasetti Suman, Pawan Suyal, Aditya Tare (wk), Santosh Yadav, Suryakumar Yadav

Royal Challengers Bangalore Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

Daniel Vettori (Cap), Virat Kohli, AB de Villiers, Tillakaratne Dilshan, Saurabh Tiwary, Cheteshwar Pujara, Mohammad Kaif, Abhimanyu Mithun, Zaheer Khan, Charl Langeveldt, Dirk Nannes, Ryan Ninan, Asad Pathan, Luke Pomersbach, Rilee Rossouw, Johan van der Wath, Jonathan Vandiar, Mayank Agarwal, Sreenath Aravind, Arun Karthik, BN Bharath, Raju Bhatkal, Abrar Kazi, Nuwan Pradeep, Muralidharen Gautam

Delhi Daredevils Bangalore Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

Virender Sehwag (Cap), David Warner, Naman Ojha (wk), Irfan Pathan, James Hopes, Colin Ingram, Andrew McDonald, Morne Morkel, Roelof van der Merwe, Venugopal Rao, Umesh Yadav, Ajit Agarkar, Varun Aaron, Travis Birt, Robin Bist, Unmukt Chand, Ajit Chandila, Ashok Dinda , Aaron Finch, Robert Frylinckl, Yogesh Nagar, Rajesh Pawar, Aavishkar Salvi, Sridharan Sriram, Vikas Mishra, Matthew Wade, Tejashwi Yadav, Vivek Yadav, Shahbaz Nadeem, Prashant Naik

Kolkata Knight Riders Bangalore Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

Gautam Gambhir (Cap), Yusuf Pathan, Jacques Kallis, Brad Haddin (wk), Brett Lee, Shakib Al Hasan, Eoin Morgan, Jaidev Unadkat, Lakshmipathy Balaji, Iqbal Abdulla, Sarabjit Ladda, Rajat Bhatia, Manvinder Bisla, Shreevats Goswami, James Pattinson, Pradeep Sangwan, Shami Ahmed, Laxmi Shukla, Ryan ten Doeschate, Manoj Tiwary

Deccan Chargers Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

Kumar Sangakkara (Cap/wk), Kevin Pietersen, Cameron White, Jean-Paul Duminy, Shikhar Dhawan, Michael Lumb, Ishant Sharma, Dale Steyn, Rusty Theron, Pragyan Ojha, Amit Mishra, Ashish Reddy, Anand Rajan, Ankit Sharma, Akash Bhandari, Bharat Chipli, Daniel Christian, Kedar Devdhar, Manpreet Gony, Harmeet Singh, Ishank Jaggi, Chris Lynn, Dwaraka Ravi Teja, Jaydev Shah, Sunny Sohal, Arjun Yadav, Ishan Malhotra

Kings XI Punjab Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

Adam Gilchrist (Cap/wk), Shaun Marsh, David Hussey, Stuart Broad, Piyush Chawla, Ryan Harris, Dinesh Karthik (wk), Praveen Kumar, Dimitri Mascarenhas, Abhishek Nayar, Ryan McLaren, Love Ablish, Siddharth Chitnis, Vikramjeet Malik, Nathan Rimmington, Nitin Saini, Shalabh Srivastava, Sunny Singh, Amit Yadav, Bhargav Bhatt, Bipul Sharma, Mandeep Singh, Paras Dogra, Paul Valthaty

Rajasthan Royals Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

Shane Warne (Cap), Shane Watson, Ross Taylor, Shaun Tait, Rahul Dravid, Paul Collingwood, Johan Botha, Swapnil Asnodkar, Deepak Chahar, Aakash Chopra, Aditya Dole, Ashok Menaria, Pankaj Singh, Ajinkya Rahane, Abhishek Raut, Siddharth Trivedi, Dishant Harendra Yagnik, Ankeet Chavan, Nayan Doshi, Samad Fallah, Dinesh Salunkhe, Amit Singh, Stuart Binny, Deepak Chahar, Faiz Fazal, Sumit Narwal, Amit Paunikar, Pinal Shah

Pune Warriors Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

Yuvraj Singh (Cap), Robin Uthappa, Graeme Smith, Jesse Ryder, Callum Ferguson, Murali Kartik, Ashish Nehra, Nathan McCullum, Angelo Mathews, Wayne Parnell, Jerome Taylor, Tim Paine (wk), Dheeraj Jadhav, Ganesh Gaikwad, Abhishek Jhunjhunwala, Kamran Khan, Harshad Khadiwale, Mitchell Marsh, Shrikant Mundhe, Alfonso Thomas, Eklavya Dwivedi, Mohnish Mishra, Manish Pandey, Sachin Rana, Rahul Sharma, Imtiyaz Ahmed, Harpreet Singh, Bhuvneshwar Kumar, Mithun Manhas, Shrikant Wagh

Kochi Tuskers Kerala (IPL Kochi) Team/Squad for 2011 IPL4:

Mahela Jayawardene (Cap), Brendon McCullum, Michael Klinger, Owais Shah, VVS Laxman, Brad Hodge, Steve O’Keefe, Ravindra Jadeja, Balachandra Akhil, Deepak Chougule, Gnaneswara Rao, Raiphi Gomez, Parthiv Patel (wk), Muttiah Muralitharan, John Hastings, Sreesanth, Thisara Perera, Ramesh Powar, RP Singh, Steven Smith, Kedar Jadhav, Chandan Madan, Sushant Marathe, Prasanth Padmanabhan